Positive reinforcement adds something desirable, while negative reinforcement removes something aversive. The main difference between the two reinforcement types is the nature of the stimulus that follows the behavior. For example, when a person takes aspirin to relieve the discomfort of a headache, they are more likely to take aspirin in the future when experiencing a headache. Negative reinforcement, on the other hand, involves the removal of an unpleasant or aversive stimulus following a desired behavior, making that behavior more likely to occur in the future. For instance, when students receive praise and recognition for getting good grades, they are likely to continue to work hard in school to experience the positive reinforcement of praise and recognition. Positive reinforcement involves the addition of a desirable stimulus or reward following a desired behavior, which increases the likelihood that the behavior will occur in the future. Both types of reinforcement strengthen behavior by increasing the likelihood of it being repeated in the future, but they differ in how they achieve this outcome. Positive Reinforcementĭespite sharing some similarities, negative and positive reinforcement are two distinct concepts in psychology. Removing the beeping sound is a negative reinforcement that strengthens the behavior of putting on the seatbelt.
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